Vocabulary Challenge 22: https://tw.voicetube.com/everyday/20190724
Script:
I think many people are interested in Egyptian culture because of the mysteries of ancient Egypt. Even today, scientists do not fully know how the pyramids are constructed even though they do have many theories. Do you want to know some of these theories? No? Well, I’m still going to tell you, lol.
Papyri containing all kinds of records, not just medical information, are stored here.
莎草紙包含其他各類記錄， 並非只是關於醫學的知識儲存在這。
So let’s say this sentence again.
Papyri containing all kinds of records, not just medical information, are stored here.
Faster
Papyri containing all kinds of records, not just medical information, are stored here.
OK, you know this game. What are the possible thought groups? 「字組」
Papyri containing all kinds of records, (1)
not just medical information, (2)
are stored here. (3)
If you listen carefully in the video, there I a slight pause after papyri. I think this is mostly due to the stress the speaker placed on papyri. She might also want listeners to focus on this word more.
How about intonation? 語調
Papyri containing all kinds of records, (fall->fact)
not just medical information, (rise-> more info)
are stored here. (fall)
What about the sentence stress? 句子的重音 You could say:
Papyri containing all kinds of records, (fall->fact)
not just medical information, (rise-> more info)
are stored here. (fall)
So, the greatest stress is placed on papyri, all, and not in the sentence because these are the key points.
Content words such as records, medical, and stored are all stressed, too, but if you listen to the original speakers, they are not stressed as much. You see this exercise? It’s not only a speaking challenge, it’s making you aware of how intonation plays a key role in speech. You are beginning to recognize the patterns now.
OK, it’s grammar time!!! 大家最愛的文法時間到了!!!
Papyri containing all kinds of records, (fall->fact)
not just medical information, (rise-> more info)
are stored here. (fall)
So the key point here is
Papyri containing all kinds of records – ? Papyri that contains all kinds of records
This was reduced from an adjective clause to an adjective phrase.
Papyri that contains all kinds of records -> Papyri containing all kinds of records
, and not just (Papyri containing) medical information, are stored here.
所謂的同位語其實是一個名詞(Noun)或者名詞句子(Noun phrase)，它會出現在另外一個名詞或代名詞(Pronoun)旁邊，它的作用是說明或解釋原有的名詞。
You can view this as an appositive phrase identifying the previous noun if you want. The information can be deleted.
All of the apples, not only the red ones, are sold out.
同位語本身是名詞或名詞片語，放在一個名詞或名詞片語旁邊、產生幫助說明的作用。
OK, let’s take a break!
Hmm…Is evolution a fact or theory? This is a highly subjective question.
OK, I promise to tell you how the pyramids were built right? Who really knows?! However, I can tell you what scientists think.
They are not sure the exact process.
The oldest and largest pyramid, the Great Pyramid of Giza, was built around 2560 B.C.E.
The stones actually came from The stones themselves were mined from a quarry 採石場just south of the pyramid, so the stones were not so far away.
To move the stones overland, the Egyptians would have used large sled that could be pushed or pulled by gangs of workers. The sand in front of the sled (橇) was likely dampened with water, something that reduced friction, making it easier to move the sledge,(橇) an object used for traveling over snow and ice with long, narrow strips of wood or metal under it instead of wheels.
The ancient Greeks thought that the Great Pyramid was built using slave labor with construction involving around 100,000 men. But by the late 20th century, archaeologists found evidence that a more limited workforce composed of as few as 20,000 skilled workers may have been sufficient for the task.
How did they move the giant stones up?
Scientists believe they used ramps but scientists are uncertain how these ramps were designed since there is little evidence of the ramps today.
So are you going to visit the pyramids and find out for yourself? I suggest learning about them first.
OK, let’s go back to vocabulary learning and go over some new words.
| Word | Part of Speech |
| Word of the day!
1. papyrus plural papyruses or papyri a tall plant like a grass that grows in or near water, especially in North Africa, or paper made from this plant, especially by ancient Egyptians （尤指北非的）紙莎草，（尤指古埃及人製造的）紙莎草紙 Speech became eternal, thanks to writing on clay tablets and papyrus. 由於在粘土片和紙莎草上書寫，古言語變得永恆。 |
(n.) |
| 2. scribe
a person employed before printing was invented to make copies of documents （印刷術發明之前的）抄書吏，抄寫員 The scribe kept all records of daily transactions on stone tablets. 抄寫員在石碑上記錄了所有關於日常交易的記錄。 |
(n.) |
| 3. oversee
to watch or organize a job or an activity to make certain that it is being done correctly 監督；監察；監管 As marketing manager, her job is to oversee all the company’s advertising. 作為行銷經理，她的工作是負責公司所有的廣告業務。 be appointed to oversee 被任命監督 directly oversee 直接監督 |
(v.) |
| 4. anatomy
the structure of an animal or plant 解剖構造；（動植物）結構 the anatomy of a leaf 葉子的結構 human/animal anatomy 人/動物的結構 |
(n.)
|
| 5. treatment
the use of drugs, exercises, etc. to cure a person of an illness or injury 治療，醫治 free dental treatment 免費的牙科治療 receive treatment 受到治療 This disease doesn’t generally respond to (= improve as a result of) treatment. 這種病通常無法醫治。 |
(n.) |
OK, when we think of the Egyptian pyramids, we usually have this music playing in the back of our minds. Let’s bring that music to the front, here it is:
